How GNSS Monitoring Station Contributes to Reservoir Dam Monitoring

The safe flood - season operation of reservoirs has always played a crucial role in China's flood prevention and control work, and it is also extremely challenging. Small and medium - sized reservoirs have become the weak links in the entire flood - prevention system. At present, most of these small and medium - sized reservoirs have obvious shortcomings. There is a serious shortage of hydrological and rainfall monitoring and dam safety monitoring facilities, and the existing inspection methods are extremely backward. As a result, abnormal situations during the operation of the reservoir are difficult to detect in a timely manner. The hidden hazards are like "time - bombs" lurking in the dark, with the risk of detonation at any time.

In the event of extreme weather such as local rainstorms and floods, the possibility of dam failure of the reservoir will increase sharply. And the series of consequences triggered after the dam failure are truly terrifying. At the very least, it will cause a large amount of property losses, and the hard - earned wealth of the people will be wiped out in an instant. At worst, it is highly likely to cause heavy casualties and even bring a near - devastating disaster to the surrounding areas, leaving the once - familiar homeland unrecognizable. Therefore, in order to effectively ensure the safety and stability of the reservoir itself and the surrounding areas, it is urgent to carry out safety monitoring of the reservoir dam. In this way, early warning signals can be issued in advance, and when danger approaches, timely countermeasures can be taken to minimize the risk of losses.

The Fengtu intelligent reservoir dam safety monitoring system integrates modern technologies from multiple fields. Sensors sense various data of the dam. The on - site telemetry terminal unit collects, pre - processes, and stores the signals of the front - end sensors wirelessly or through wired connections, and according to the transmission rules, automatically or as required, 报送 s the parameters to the information center. The management center processes, statistics, analyzes, and issues warnings for the data, greatly improving the real - time nature, reliability, and accuracy of monitoring, and predicting the condition of the dam. Video surveillance can observe the operation of rivers, reservoirs, etc. in real - time, providing intuitive image information for decision - making, enabling water conservancy personnel to grasp the real - time dynamics of the reservoir and providing accurate information support.

Deformation monitoring includes horizontal and vertical displacement monitoring, as well as measurements in many aspects such as offset, inclination, and cracks. The monitoring of dam body deformation is further divided into surface, internal, and overall displacement, and both surface and internal displacements include vertical and horizontal directions. Continuous and accurate monitoring can quickly detect abnormalities, and based on this, the stability and safety can be rigorously judged, risks can be dealt with in a timely manner, and potential disasters can be prevented.

Nowadays, with the help of satellite positioning technology, the GNSS monitoring station can conduct high - precision, all - weather, and real - time dynamic monitoring of the monitoring target. For example, for the dam body, it can accurately monitor the displacement changes of each point on the surface and inside, and precisely grasp horizontal movement, vertical settlement, or uplift. Based on its data, engineers can have an in - depth understanding of the deformation trend of the dam body, improve the efficiency of early warning and decision - making, and strengthen the safety guarantee of the project.